hammer: [OE] Hammer is part of a widespread Germanic word-family, including also German and Danish hammer, Dutch hamer, and Swedish hammar. The ancestor of the Scandinavian forms, Old Norse hamarr, meant ‘stone crag’ as well as ‘hammer’. This and possible connections with the standard words for ‘stone, rock’ in the Indo-Iranian and Balto-Slavonic language groups (such as Sanskrit a?man and Russian kamen’) suggest that hammer originally denoted some sort of tool with a stone head.
hammer (n.)
Old English hamor "hammer," from Proto-Germanic *hamaraz (cognates: Old Saxon hamur, Middle Dutch, Dutch hamer, Old High German hamar, German Hammer). The Old Norse cognate hamarr meant "stone, crag" (it's common in English place names), and suggests an original sense of the Germanic words as "tool with a stone head," which would describe the first hammers. The Germanic words thus could be from a PIE *ka-mer-, with reversal of initial sounds, from PIE *akmen "stone, sharp stone used as a tool" (cognates: Old Church Slavonic kamy, Russian kameni "stone"), from root *ak- "sharp" (see acme).
As a part of a firearm, 1580s; as a part of a piano, 1774; as a small bone of the ear, 1610s. Figurative use of "aggressive and destructive foe" is late 14c., from similar use of French martel, Latin malleus. To go at it hammer and tongs "with great violence and vigor" (1708) is an image from blacksmithing (the tongs hold the metal and the hammer beats it). Hammer and sickle as an emblem of Soviet communism attested from 1921, symbolizing industrial and agricultural labor.
hammer (v.)
late 14c., "deal blows with a hammer or axe;" mid-15c., "to produce (something) by blows with a hammer," from hammer (n.). Also sometimes in Middle English the verb to describe how Christ was crucified. Figurative meaning "work (something) out laboriously" recorded from 1580s. Meaning "beat or drive with or as if with a hammer" is from 1640s; that of "to defeat heavily" is from 1948. Old English had hamorian "to beat out, forge." Related: Hammered; hammering.
Crist, as he was ruthfully hamerd apon the croce, Songe to his fadire of heven.
["The Mirror of Man's Salvation," 15c.]
雙語例句
1. To avoid damaging the tree, hammer a wooden peg into the hole.
為了不毀壞樹，用錘子將一個木栓釘進(jìn)洞里。
來自柯林斯例句
2. Hammer's business pedigree almost gua-ranteed him the acquaintance of U.S. presidents.
哈默的商業(yè)背景幾乎保證了他能夠結(jié)識美國總統(tǒng)。
來自柯林斯例句
3. She swung the hammer at his head with all her might.
她使出全身力氣掄起榔頭砸向他的腦袋。
來自柯林斯例句
4. The workers kneel on the ground and hammer the small stones in.
工人們跪在地上，將小石子錘進(jìn)去。
來自柯林斯例句
5. Hammer-throwing for women is not yet a major event.